2025.06.16
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder driven by dysregulated immune responses, involving genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors that lead to aberrant cytokine signaling and multi-organ damage [1][2][3]. Despite advances in understanding SLE pathogenesis, therapeutic options remain limited, with belimumab being the only FDA-approved biologic until recently [4][5].
Central to SLE progression is the hyperactivation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway, particularly by type I interferons (IFNs) and other proinflammatory cytokines [1][6][7]. JAK inhibitors (e.
g., tofacitinib, baricitinib) selectively block this pathway, attenuating cytokine-driven inflammation and restoring immune balance [8][6][9]. Preclinical and clinical studies highlight their efficacy in mitigating musculoskeletal and mucocutaneous manifestations, with a favorable safety profile [10][10].
Beyond JAK inhibitors, novel biologics targeting specific immune checkpoints (e.g., B-cell activation, IFN-α) are under investigation [2][11][12]. These therapies aim to address SLE heterogeneity by tailoring interventions to individual pathogenic mechanisms, reducing reliance on broad-spectrum immunosuppressants [13][14][15].
Ongoing research explores combination therapies and next-generation JAK inhibitors with enhanced selectivity, alongside SOCS mimetics to fine-tune immune responses [16][17]. As we unravel SLE’s molecular intricacies, these targeted approaches herald a new era of precision medicine, offering hope for improved outcomes and reduced toxicity [18][15].
The integration of JAK inhibitors and biologics into SLE management marks a transformative shift from empiric to mechanism-driven treatment. With continued clinical validation, these innovations promise to redefine standards of care for this challenging disease [1][19][15].
1.Pathological relevance and treatment perspective of JAK targeting in systemic lupus erythematosus.
2.Biologics in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Recent Evolutions and Benefits.
3.Environment and systemic lupus erythematosus.
4.Are lupus animal models useful for understanding and developing new therapies for human SLE?
5.Artificial intelligence and high-dimensional technologies in the theragnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus.
6.Baricitinib Attenuates Autoimmune Phenotype and Podocyte Injury in a Murine Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
7.Potential Use of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
8.JAK Inhibitors Prospects in Connective Tissue Diseases.
9.Novel JAK inhibitors under investigation for systemic lupus erythematosus - where are we now?
10.Efficacy and safety of Janus kinase inhibitors in systemic and cutaneous lupus erythematosus A systematic review and meta-analysis.
11.Systemic lupus erythematosus an expert insight into emerging therapy agents in preclinical and early clinical development.
12.Targeting type I interferons in systemic lupus erythematous.
13.Advances in Drug Therapy for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
14.One year in review 2022 systemic lupus erythematosus.
15.Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) emerging therapeutic targets.
16.SOCS-JAK-STAT inhibitors and SOCS mimetics as treatment options for autoimmune uveitis psoriasis lupus and autoimmune encephalitis.
17.Targeted Small Molecules for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Drugs in the Pipeline.
18.Oxidative Stress Contributes to Inflammatory and Cellular Damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Cellular Markers and Molecular Mechanism.
19.[Drug therapy of rheumatoid arthritis where do biologics and novel synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs stand today?]
